Geometry studies the shape of objects, determining their size and relative positioning.

Many objects are rectangular, others are round, others are triangular. There are also more complex shapes.

If you look more closely, you can see that the same rectangle consists of four segments, which form its sides. That is, we can say that most shapes are made up of simpler shapes. All figures consist of points. Therefore, a point can be considered the simplest element.

When describing figures, it is important not only to specify the geometrical primitives of which it consists, but also the “relations” between them. For example, a rectangle does not simply consist of four segments, but they must be joined together; the angles formed by the joined segments must be straight; besides, the segments must be equal in pairs, and the segments of equal length must be on opposite sides.

At the same time, rectangles can be different. One is more elongated on one side and more like a bar, the other has a width and length do not differ much, and such a rectangle is similar to a square. And understandably, rectangles can vary in size. All this says that by the term “rectangle” we mean a set of figures which satisfy certain requirements.
Geometry is an ancient science. It originated about four or five thousand years ago. People since ancient times have needed to measure land, distances, various objects, to make measurements when constructing buildings. The word “geometry” in translation from Greek means “surveying”.

At first, history accumulated the rules of various geometric constructions. Then, in ancient Greece, there were scientists who brought a lot of new things to geometry. In particular, they began to pay more attention to reasoning, on the basis of which new facts and regularities could be discovered. We can say that geometry as a science was formed by the beginning of our era.

The practical importance of geometry is great. In addition, it teaches one to reason, to see the world of forms in their interconnection and interaction.

The science of geometry is divided into two large sections, planimetry and stereometry. Planimetry studies shapes in the plane. These are rectangles, triangles, circles, trapezoids, and other quadrilaterals. Stereometry studies shapes in three-dimensional space. These include a ball, cube, cylinder, pyramid, and many others.